What method of attitude instrument flying relies on one instrument for attitude changes and others to monitor progress?

The method of attitude instrument flying that relies on one primary instrument to determine attitude changes—while using other instruments to monitor progress—is the control and performance method. This approach emphasizes maintaining an effective mental model and situational awareness by allowing the pilot to establish a reference point with one key instrument, usually the attitude indicator.

By focusing on a single, primary instrument for decision-making regarding the aircraft's attitude, the pilot can more easily make adjustments. The secondary instruments then play a crucial role in tracking the aircraft's performance, such as altitude, airspeed, and heading, to ensure that the desired flight path or performance is being achieved. This method promotes a structured way to manage and cross-check flight data, making it more efficient and effective, especially in instrument flight conditions.

Other methods, while useful, do not center around one key instrument as a primary reference in the same way. Split scan relies on simultaneous monitoring of multiple instruments rather than focusing on a primary one. Cross-reference involves comparing multiple instruments but does not prioritize a single source for attitude changes. Sequential observation entails checking instruments one after another, which may not provide the same level of efficiency in decision-making as the control and performance method.