Why is monitoring the center of gravity critical for pilots?

Monitoring the center of gravity (CG) is critical because it directly influences stability and flight performance. The CG is the point where the aircraft's weight is evenly distributed, and its position relative to the aircraft's center of lift affects how the aircraft behaves in flight.

When the CG is too far forward or aft from the ideal position, it can lead to various handling issues. A forward CG can result in increased aerodynamic drag and a higher stall speed, making the aircraft harder to maneuver and potentially unsafe during critical phases of flight. Conversely, an aft CG can cause the aircraft to become unstable, making it difficult to control.

Correctly managing the CG ensures optimal control, stability, and efficiency in flight operations, allowing pilots to maintain desired performance levels during maneuvers, turns, and approaches. This focus on CG is therefore integral to maintaining not just operational safety, but also the aircraft's performance characteristics.